fundamental Scientists

LESLIE LAMPORT -
He dived in to Distributed systems and computing even before Internet took its shape.
When most computer scientists were struggling with the Multi-processing in a single machine, he solved some of the fundamental problems in Distributed Systems - clocks, synchronization, snapshot, consensus, Mutual exclusion, Consistency model, Voting protocols, termination detection and the list goes on.

He simply challenged an unknown dimension when we were struggling in understanding/solving our primary dimension.

All of his research papers/proofs were simple, precise and clear without any technical jargons, making way for anyone with just fundamental knowledge can understand which most of the researchers/scientists lack or don’t do.
Any computer system ( data consistency? Availability? fault tolerant?) that we use, he laid the foundation.
2. SATYENDRANATH BOSE -
Ever heard about the Bose–Einstein statistics? Its named after him. And yes, the Bosons too. Also the Bose–Einstein condensate. Einstein was not in favor of naming the Statistic Bose-Einstein, he said that it should actually be Bose Statistic. It is of great wonder that a physicist who had worked all his life in Indian Universities (Calcutta University and Dhaka University) with no access to modern technology and laboratories and even to the latest publications on the field can make such important contribution to particle Physics.

Sadly, like most of the Indian Physicists of his generation he was overlooked by the international scientific community and the Nobel committee.

3. JAMES C. MAXWELL-

 
Maxwell had continued his research on color and made ground breaking discoveries around gas velocity. It was during Maxwell's time at King's College that he began to share revolutionary ideas around electromagnetism and light.
Fellow physicist Michael Faraday had already championed the notion that electricity and magnetics were connected; Maxwell, via experimentation with vortexes, expanded on Faraday's work and came up with the theory of electromagnetic movement being conceptualized in the form of waves, with said energy travelling at light speed.
MAXWELL'S EQUATION
Supporting his theorems, Maxwell's Equations—speaking to the scholar's aptitude in using math to articulate scientific occurrences—were found in the paper "Dynamical theory of the electromagnetic field," presented to the Royal Society of London in 1864 and published the following year. In 1873 he published the book A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, which further expounded on his research.

4. NIKOLA TESLA